{"id":9310,"date":"2023-08-28T21:05:48","date_gmt":"2023-08-28T21:05:48","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/services\/ground-improvement\/deep-soil-mixing\/"},"modified":"2023-10-01T20:08:20","modified_gmt":"2023-10-01T20:08:20","slug":"deep-soil-mixing","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/services\/ground-improvement\/deep-soil-mixing\/","title":{"rendered":"Deep Soil Mixing (DSM)"},"content":{"rendered":"

[vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” css=”.vc_custom_1556018513487{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_column_text]Temeltek offers Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) services as a geotechnical method . \u00a0Basically Deep Soil Mixing is an effective method to improve the geotechnical feautures of the ground.\u00a0 Soon after we become familiar with the Deep Soil Mixing Method for Ground Improvement, Temeltek has started to provide solutions to clients by specifying proper construction procedures and equipment for\u00a0 different soil types which has \u00a0helped \u00a0assure the acquisition of the proper results in the objective grounds.[\/vc_column_text][vc_column_text]By utilizing this method, we have achieved good fabrication results at various job site.\u00a0 By utilizing proper procedures and equipment, adequate mixing \u00a0we can create homogenous columns to depth to imrove the quality of the ground to make it geotechnically suitable for construction objectives.\u00a0 Temeltek has verified results from various projects all through Turkey.[\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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The slurry is injected through the feeder attached to the arm.\u00a0 The process constructs individual soilcrete columns, rows of overlapping columns or 100% mass stabilization in accordance with the design specifications. The bearing capacity and global stability is deep-soil-mixing-contractor-turkeyincreaded while the settlement is decreased.The technique has been used to increase bearing capacity, decrease settlement, increase global stability with this technique. In addition it allows mitigating liquefaction potential for planned structures, tanks, embankments and levees.\u00a0 Situ gravity structures can be constructed with this technique along with the facilitation of tunnel construction or remediation of the impact that tunnelling may impose over the neighbouring structures.\u00a0 It can provide structural support and greatly reduce the lateral loads on the bulkhead walls.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n

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DSM is a soil improvement method implemented to improve soil properties without\u00a0 excavation or earth removal. It is an effective application for today\u2019s geotechnical\u00a0 soil improvement processes and earth retention systems.<\/p>\n

In this process, a support crane and leads are utilized which guide a series of\u00a0 overlapping mixing paddles and augers. As the penetration is achieved into the ground, stabilizing\u00a0 agents or other fluids are fed through the center of each shaft. The auger flights\u00a0 break the soil loose and lift it to the mixing paddles which blend the agents with\u00a0 the soil. Additional mixing paddles continue to mix the soil as the augers\u00a0 advance to greater depths. The augers are then withdrawn leaving a series of\u00a0 overlapping columns which form part of a wall or a treated block of soil.<\/p>\n

Today, there are variety of uses of Soil Mixing. Soil Mixing \u00a0is used for the formation of\u00a0 seawall, retaining walls, improving bearing capacity, cut-off walls, treating\u00a0 hazardous wastes in-situ and deep soil densification.<\/p>\n

Because of \u00a0the large variety of potential applications and results dependent on site-specific conditions, it is very hard to formulate one overall specification that\u00a0 would satisfy the requirements of all types of projects. Therefore, Temeltek offers solutions in accordance with the specific conditions of each project. \u00a0This requires engineering capabilities\u00a0 for which we propose a\u00a0 highly experienced engineering team.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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Tehnical Specifications<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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The choice in the type of \u00a0the specification would be assigned by the specific application.\u00a0 If a specific end product with few restrictions imposed by site\u00a0 conditions is desired, a performance specification may be the best option. If there are\u00a0 various restrictions present on the equipment or method as a result of site\u00a0 conditions or circumstances, a custom specification which is subjective to the site conditions \u00a0may be the better\u00a0 alternative.<\/p>\n

A performance specification describing the final objectives for a specific project\u00a0 would be a preferred choice over a more subjective specification. Because of the recent developments in Deep Soil Mixing technology, a performance specification would be\u00a0 allowed \u00a0for increased competition, innovations in equipment, and adjustments to\u00a0\u00a0 actual site conditions. To verify adequacy of individual equipment, the\u00a0 specifications should be allowed for a submittal process to review expected equipment.<\/p>\n

When we describe a Deep Soil Mixing \u00a0performance specification, the guidelines\u00a0 \u00a0contains minimum requirements for many tasks. This would include a brief description of construction procedures, basic\u00a0 functions of equipment, acceptable materials, and methods of field verification,\u00a0 applicable ASTM standards, Quality Control plans, mix designs, and methods for\u00a0 interpreting results.<\/p>\n

While we \u00a0describe construction procedures, at a minimum our Quality Control Plan includes horizontal and vertical alignment, mixing\u00a0 speed, drilling rate, flow rates, drilling \u00a0sequence, and refusal criteria. Examples of achieving \u00a0these\u00a0 criteria on other projects are as follows:<\/p>\n

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  • The use of a rigid template to gauge positioning\u00a0 can allow the Horizontal Alignment. \u00a0A stationary laser can also be used to maintain alignment on applications such as a retaining wall, where the sequence would involve a\u00a0 straight line.<\/li>\n
  • Through the use of instrumentation mounted on the leads of the machine, Vertical Alignment is most easily maintained. \u00a0This instrumentation would read the pitch\u00a0 and roll in degrees from vertical and alert an operator when out of tolerance. Necessary adjustments could then be made by the operator.<\/li>\n
  • In-situ soil conditions are basic factor that determines that Mixing Speed And Drilling Rate. Significantly, we discuss these initial ranges in our Quality Control Plan.<\/li>\n
  • Flow Rate would then be determined in order to allow for sufficient additive to match drilling speed to\u00a0 coincide with penetration rate.<\/li>\n
  • Drilling Sequence is adjusted in a way that there wouldn\u2019t be any discontinuities in the pattern. Drilling should advance to a specified depth or continue until refusal has been<\/li>\n
  • A decrease in penetration rate below an acceptable level will determine the Refusal Rate.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

    [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_video link=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/FXPDr0C7bPs” title=”Soil Mix -DSM Kolon”][\/vc_column][vc_column width=”1\/2″][vc_video link=”https:\/\/youtu.be\/0867mVo1548″ title=”Soil Mix Kolon”][\/vc_column][\/vc_row][vc_row][vc_column][vc_column_text]<\/p>\n

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    Application Standards<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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    When specifying equipment, we allow flexibility to promote competition. If there are concerns over wall thickness or\u00a0 other items, we can specify the minimums, maximums or other requirements.<\/p>\n

    We submit the performance requirements through our Quality Control Plan in order to assure the quality.\u00a0 The quality control plan that we will provide is a description of the methods used\u00a0 in the project to assure proper performance. In addition, it provides a\u00a0 plan for verification of installation and a reporting system.<\/p>\n

    In order to verify performance, we perform a variety of field tests. Specific\u00a0 gravity, flow, and depth surveys can all help to control instantaneous events to\u00a0 maintain Quality Control. We use in-situ sampling to verify in place mixing.<\/p>\n

    These samples can be tested according to applicable ASTM standards such as:<\/p>\n

    Bu saha \u00f6rnekleri a\u015fa\u011f\u0131da belirtilen ASTM standartlar\u0131na g\u00f6re test edilmektedir:<\/p>\n

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    1. C 150 \u2013 Specification for Portland Cement.<\/li>\n
    2. D 806-74 \u2013 Cement Content of Soil Cement Mixtures<\/li>\n
    3. D 1140-54(71) \u2013 Amount of Material in Soils Finer than No. 200 Sieve.<\/li>\n
    4. D 2113-83(79) \u2013 Diamond Core Drilling for Site Investigation.<\/li>\n
    5. D 2216-80 \u2013 Laboratory Determination of Water (Moisture) Content of soil, Rock, and Soil-Aggregrate Mixtures.<\/li>\n
    6. D 2901-82(86) \u2013 Cement Content of Freshly Mixed Soil-Cement.<\/li>\n
    7. D 4380-84 \u2013 Density of Bentonitic<\/li>\n
    8. D 1633 \u2013 Unconfined Compressive Strength of Soil-Cement.<\/li>\n
    9. \u00a0Z 1208Z (Proposed) \u2013 Test Method for Hydraulic Conductivity of Saturated Porous Materials Using a Flexible Wall<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

      Within\u00a0 our \u00a0Quality Control plan, \u00a0we dedicate a section which provides development guidelines of a\u00a0 mix design to meet the requirements. The development of this mix design should\u00a0 follow a logic flow diagram similar to the following:<\/p>\n

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      1. Available Knowledge of Mix Designs<\/li>\n
      2. Knowledge From Similar Projects<\/li>\n
      3. Mix Designs From Other Applications In Similar Soils\n
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        1. Formulate Trial Mixes<\/li>\n
        2. Evaluate Through Bench Scale Testing<\/li>\n
        3. Use Best Option In The Field<\/li>\n
        4. Does Mix Design Meet Mix Design Criteria?\n
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          1. If Not, Adjust The Mix.<\/li>\n
          2. Use Adjusted Mix In The Field<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
          3. Can The Mix Be Further Economized?\n
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            1. If Yes, Adjust The Mix.<\/li>\n
            2. Use Adjusted Mix In The Field<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n
            3. Final Mix Design<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

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              The Suitable Mix Design<\/h2>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n
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              Especially for environmental applications, we perform \u00a0a preliminary mix design test to determine an optimum additive rate. This is very useful for\u00a0 applications when reductions in additive rates can be a major source of economy\u00a0\u00a0 for our clients.<\/p>\n

              We monitor the Specific gravity to verify mix design. The additive, which is most\u00a0 often a cement-based slurry, will reach an ideal specific gravity for the desired\u00a0 mix when additives are mixed in the proper proportions. Instrumentation is\u00a0 available to verify this quickly enough to make adjustments before pumping.<\/p>\n

              We achieve Flow Monitoring\u00a0 with in line flow meters. Magnetic meters tend to be\u00a0 more accurate with abrasive slurries. A digital readout can be set up to read\u00a0 instantaneous flow rate and total flow. When read in conjunction with penetration\u00a0 rate, the flow per foot can be monitored.<\/p>\n

              Penetration rate and total depth are best measured from the leads. A tracking\u00a0 device can be installed directly on the drill motor housing and track along \u00a0the\u00a0 leads. This will read out an instantaneous penetration rate and also give a total\u00a0 distance traveled (depth). The alternative would be to visually measure auger Stems to determine depth.<\/p>\n

              Survey control points can be installed to verify overall position of the augers. A\u00a0 template is placed between these points to maintain alignment.<\/p>\n

              It is important that all parties involved in DSM project maintain flexibility and\u00a0 bear in mind that the most important item is an acceptable final product. No matter how many soil samples are taken, the profile of the underlying strata will\u00a0 most likely never be exactly known. Soil samples taken for bench scale testing\u00a0 may not be totally representative of subsurface conditions.<\/p>\n

              Therefore Temeltek offers methods to alter construction procedures and mix designs\u00a0 if necessary to produce the correct final product provided that \u00a0these changes do not\u00a0 exceed restrictions of the project.<\/p>\n

              The clients should be looking \u00a0for the mix design and\/or procedure which will provide the final product the most economically.<\/p>\n

              Our past experience in DSM projects, we have seen that changes in mix designs to adapt to subsurface conditions\u00a0 encountered has led to more economical and expeditious DSM projects resulting\u00a0 in savings to all parties without compromising quality.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n

              [\/vc_column_text][\/vc_column][\/vc_row]<\/p>\n<\/section>","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

              [vc_row full_width=”stretch_row” css=”.vc_custom_1556018513487{padding-top: 0px !important;padding-bottom: 0px !important;}”][vc_column][vc_column_text]Temeltek offers Deep Soil Mixing (DSM) services as a geotechnical method . \u00a0Basically Deep […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":9307,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"class_list":["post-9310","page","type-page","status-publish","hentry"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9310","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=9310"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9310\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":9313,"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9310\/revisions\/9313"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/9307"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/temeltek.com.tr\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=9310"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}